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The boomerang was the typical weapon aborigines's ethnic group in Australia that if being thrown could again.
The movement of the boomerang was the combination of the translation and the rotation was similar with bilah the helicopter.
The term denotes a boomerang sports equipment from plywood, plastic, or other solid materials, which returns to the thrower when it is thrown correctly. The traditional hunting boomerang returns to the thrower does not back his advantage is precisely the fact that he continues straight and hence zielsicherer flies straight as a stick.
In the well-known, traditional form of a boomerang looks like an L with two equally long arms. Especially for the competitions used Bumerangs but often three or more arms, which are not symmetrical.
In any case, the arms a profile on the wing of an aircraft similar. This is the impetus generated.
History
Today, it is primarily the Aborigines, the indigenous people of Australia, for the use of Bumerangs known. But in Africa, the Americas and Asia (India) Jagdbumerangs were found. In an Egyptian burial chamber discovered throw Timbers, which it is suspected that it was returning Bumerangs. Egyptian representations from the New Kingdom Egyptians elegant show, with the throw thicket of reeds in the woods to hunt waterfowl. But even with some Indian tribes in North America are Bumerangs today as a weapon used for hunting, so that you now secured assumes that the device before throwing over 2000 years was disseminated worldwide.
Europe
The oldest known boomerang was 1985 in Oblazowa cave in the Polish Carpathians and was discovered with the Radiocarbon method at an age of about 20,000 years. In the shore zone of "Yellow Lake," a Altarm the Elbe-Neustadt in Magdeburg in 1990 when a Auskiesung only slightly damaged boomerang salvaged. He is a "recurring copy" of ash (Fraxinus excelsior). The Holzstüch is 0,7-1,0 cm thick and has an angle of 110 °. The preserved arm is 22 cm long. An age-determination revealed that the boomerang between 800 and 400 BC at the end of the Bronze Age was carved. But whether Northern Rock Pictures with shamans Bumerangs show (Nöton island, island Brådön), in view of the imaging imprecision not to decide. The German unsuitable for hunting boomerang (it is not a throw wood but a game version) will probably have been deliberately buried, as it is buoyant. In addition to the German Fund, there is a similar reference from the Netherlands (Velsen 1962) to 300 BC and was placed in Gyttjaschlamm.
Development
Originally, the boomerang developed as a hunting weapon, and was also much heavier and larger than today's game or Sportbumerangs. He was able to 2 kg in weight and 1.30 m in length.
Experienced such a pitcher can boomerang up to 100 m wide throw. This Jagdbumerangs called Kylies were from the Australian natives as a digging stick or club. Bumerangs could return at the end as a "training device", Aufscheuchen of animals or simply served as a toy.
1770 James Cook brought the first Australian boomerang from his trip to Europe.
In the 1930s, the boomerang as sports equipment rediscovered. Meanwhile, there are around the world boomerang clubs. In the even years are world championships and the European championships odd years.
Boomerang Sports
Returning Bumerangs are not suitable for hunting, as it hardly seems to be targeted. The original hunting weapons, Kylies, flew straight up, and therefore not returned back to the pitcher.
Today's Sportbumerangs, depending on the shape and profile greatly different flight characteristics and are at competitions in relevant disciplines.
Some fly for a long time before they return to the thrower. Others come back very well and become the stunt Catch (stunt exercise), or to Juggling (juggling). Still others come after about 3 seconds, making it the "Fast Catch" suitable. Another discipline is the "Australian round," in the casting distance and accuracy while returning evaluated.
Disciplines
Today, in most tournaments the following disciplines: For all disciplines except throwing applies: the boomerang must at least 20m-circle cross. Geworfen is in a field, which consists of several concentric circles.
* Australian Round (Aussie Round): The so-called King's discipline. The boomerang should be possible on the 50-meter circle and fly in Optimal case in the centre circle caught again. There are five litters per pitcher Depending on distance, accuracy and return catch points.
* Accuracy: The pitcher may lose the boomerang after dropping no longer touch, it will be awarded points according to how close to the centre of the boomerang lands. Each pitcher throws five times
* Endurance: It catches within 5 minutes counted.
* Fast Catch: It is the time required for 5 catches stopped.
* Trick Catch / Doubling: There are art catches as catches behind his back or with the feet. When Doubling part two Bumerangs thrown at the same time and both successively with a special fishing caught.
* MTA 100 (High Time Aloft, 100m field): It is the time measured with a boomerang, dropping to catch spends in the air. The field consists mostly of a circle with a diameter of 100 meters, there is also a version without a field restriction (MTA unlimited).
* Wide throw (Long Distance): The boomerang is in the middle of a 40 meter wide base line thrown. It is the furthest distance measured by the boomerang to the basic line in the course of its trajectory. When returning, the bottom line crossed again, the boomerang is not to be caught.
* Consecutive Catch: It catches counted until a boomerang for the first time dropped. The time is not important.
* Juggling: How Consecutive catch, but there are two Bumerangs in play, with at least one in the air.
There are, however, many other, less common disciplines, some just for fun, and will not compete in nature.
Dissemination
The Boomerang Sport is primarily in Europe, North America, Japan and Australia. The leading nations are Germany, France, Switzerland, the United States, Japan and Australia. Depending on the country, there except the national boomerang organizations and regional clubs. The regional and national clubs, demonstrations and workshops through to the boomerang sports awareness.
Aerodynamics
The stability in the air, the boomerang by its rotation on the gyroscopic effect that enables it as a roundabout for his (virtual) Center stabilized. His lift he gets through the profile of its wings, its strength on the speed of air umströmenden depends. Since the wing is asymmetric profile, and the rotation direction of the direction of the lift, it must - the same technique provided throw - different, Bumerangs mirror made for right - and left-handed.
The rotation will always be flying wing moving toward a higher lift, as the rotational speed Flugeschwindigkeit added, while moving to the opposite wing subtracted. As a result of this asymmetric buoyancy effect is coming to the rotational axis of the Bumerangs continuously. This effect can be found even in a moving helicopter. There will be adverse effects from the cyclical adjustment corrects sheet, in which the direction of travel in moving rotor blades a lower angle than the decline rotor blades.
When boomerang leads the change to the rotation axis to a change of direction by which the circular trajectory to the point of beginning of the thrower.
To these (latter) physical effect (precession) to be able to understand, there are the following experiment: They mount two attacks on the right and left of an axis in a bicycle wheel. An experimenter holds with outstretched arms, the two attacks. A 2nd Experimenter turns the wheel as fast as he can. If 1 Experimenter a tipping force perpendicular to the rotation axis is exercised, then a 3rd Force perpendicular to the rotation axis and perpendicular to the tipping force (spatially). The district-tilting (3.Achse) at the boomerang is greater than the Aufricht-tilting (2.Achse).
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