(Jrt)
Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev
Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, born July 7, 1947, was the last king of Nepal between June 2001 and May 2008.
Its powers had been seriously been started since May 18, 2006 and it was no longer regarded as the head of executive power, with only a ceremonial status and living recluse in his palace now nationalized. On 28 December 2007, the provisional Parliament had planned abolition of the monarchy. The new constituent assembly voted new institutions on May 28, 2008 and removal of the king. The reign of Gyanendra and the Shah dynasty has therefore ended on that date to make way for a republican regime.
Biography
As the second son of Prince (later King) Mahendra, the young Gyanendra was declared king for two months (1950-1951) when the rest of his family is in exile in India, but is not internationally recognized as such . His grandfather Tribhuvan back on the throne shortly afterwards, when the family Rânâ he concedes power.
Fifty years later, according to the official thesis, his nephew Dipendra, taken a fit of madness, murdered his entire family, including his father King Birendra (Gyanendra's brother) prior to commit suicide. Gyanendra became king again.
As king, he seeks to exert active control on the government, referring twice in three years the elected prime minister and appointing the place a government of his choice. If his brother Birendra had conceded a constitutional monarchy in 1990, agreeing to limit the role of king in the government, Gyanendra interventions outside this constitutional role causing a growing dissatisfaction of the people of Nepal. On 1 February 2005, Gyanendra seized power again, in declaring a state of emergency and accused the prime minister in office, Sher Bahadur Deuba and his government for not having managed to hold parliamentary elections or to have restored peace in the country, in the midst of civil war led by the Maoists.
A few months later, Sher Bahadur Deuba is washed suspicions of corruption against him and the state of emergency is lifted. But even if Gyanendra promised that peace and democratic institutions will be restored within three years, repression of dissidents, and the control of journalists and activists of human rights continue despite the guards put in international organizations.
In April 2006 started a general strike for democracy to bend the king, it eventually succumb to pressure from the street, reinstate the parliament in its rights on April 24.
On 27 April, he appoints Girija Prasad Koirala, leader of main opposition party, as Prime Minister. At his inauguration before parliament, the latter makes no secret of its intention to convene a constituent assembly in order to decide the fate of the monarchy.
During the month of May next parliament would withdraw some of its prerogatives and not least, such command of the army or the appointment of government. Thus, since May 18, 2006, it is no longer regarded as the Chief Executive, a position now vested in the Prime Minister. The sanctity of the monarch is well placed to bottom: it will now be liable to prosecution in the courts like any citizen. Moreover, it must fulfil its taxes like any Nepali.
On 24 December 2007, an agreement was announced between the ruling coalition and Maoist guerrillas, providing for the abolition of the monarchy in April 2008. On 28 December 2007, Parliament ratified the tentative agreement by 270 votes against 3, which provided for the election of a Constituent Assembly charged with drafting a new constitution of a "federal, democratic and republican." The assembly, elected on April 10, 2008, saw the victory of the Maoists. Its inaugural meeting, on May 28 following confirmed the abolition of monarchy and its replacement by a "Federal Democratic Republic".
On May 28, 2008, Gyanendra still continued to live with her reclusive family in the Narayanhity palace situated in the centre of Kathmandu (the former royal palace was nationalized and must be transformed into a national museum since its departure), the Government will having left a period of 15 days to leave the scene, the former monarch finally left the royal palace on June 11, 2008 for s'intaller in a former royal residence, the Palace Nagarjuna located in the suburbs of capital.
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