Don Juan
Don Juan is above all a myth. Efforts to identify a real person are exhausted.
Basically, Don Juan and lives in search of pleasure and enjoyment of the moment, in their opposition to the constraints and social norms, moral and religious as well as deliberately ignoring others. It is therefore both a libertine and a jouisseur also selfish and destructive.
The established practice is that we write "Dom Juan" is the title in the works of Shakespeare or the poetry of Baudelaire, "Don Giovanni" in the case of the Mozart opera and Da Ponte "Don Juan" in the case of another work.
The original story
For some, the mythical figure of Don Juan was born of a story reported by the Chronicle of Seville (Spain) in the fifteenth or early sixteenth: Don Juan Tenorio killed commandeur Ulloa he had seduced the girl. The monks of the convent where the commander was buried were outraged by this act and a conspiracy plot "public health", the killing and did remove the body, telling then that he had been struck by the sky and led to punishment in hell all his faults, of the harm done to others and his refusal to repent.
By the size of the man himself, by the fame of his actions, and by the end of this spectacular, all the elements of a myth were met: the myth of Don Juan was born.
Writing the adventures of a seducer
In 1630, is published Burlador El convidado de Sevilla y de piedra (The Trompeur of Seville and the stone guest) attributed to Tirso de Molina, Spanish dramatist. Reprinted many times, the text then came to the commedia dell'arte and Moliere adapts to the text in 1665. Da Ponte and Mozart in the opera Don Giovanni, Mérimée, Byron, Dumas, Baudelaire in poetry, Montherlant and many other writers, musicians, directors, filmmakers, comics authors were inspired by this character and skill 'scale that defies morality, public order, and God. The character evolves slightly over time. But the bottom frame remains seduction of women, rejection of social rules and moral challenge to the authority and God punishment "copy". However, the latter notable differences appear in some of the romantic era and continues today: sign of changing attitudes among the monarchies Christian social vision and the contemporary world to secular or atheist individualist vision.
The main features of the character in the authors
In Tirso de Molina
* Fun: sovereign sensuality, sexuality triumphantly, unleashing erotic speech opposing the gallant of true love, success;
* Cynical selfishness: the other is not in itself but only for the interest and pleasure that draws Don Juan, and he continues to deceive many women, the manipulation of women, sadism, does not feel any responsibility towards others;
* Challenge: challenge the authorities and society of his time by refusing to submit to the moral challenge and ignorance of the Catholic religion;
* Antisocial: totally opposed to the duties imposed by social life, totally opposed to respect for others and Christian charity, Don Juan is placed on top of everything and everyone, it places the individual over society, the general interest and the common good;
* Materials: Don Juan lives in the moment and for sensual pleasure, it puts doubt in religious principles, and hands still later his repentance, he did not repent too late once plunged into the flames of hell;
* Power and conflict: verbal abuse and sometimes physical threats, the men against the women, the pure physical desire against the union of beings, the carnal act against marriage, rejection of coercion, abuse of power of seduction, abuse the power of his social position.
In Moliere
* Fun: hedonistic, he resumed the character of Molina, but inherently sensual Don Juan no longer the mere physical enjoyment;
* Selfishness cynical hypocritical, cynical and cold, he manipulates men and women, seduced by the rhetoric to bring down the woman he desires, falsely promised marriage, degrades women;
* Challenge: proud and haughty, Don Juan wants to assert its superiority over everyone and everything, including morality and religion;
* Antisocial: totally opposed to the duties imposed by social life, totally opposed to respect for others and Christian charity;
* Materials: libertine, an atheist, he does not repent, even immersed in the flames of hell;
* Power and conflict: verbal abuse and sometimes physical threats, refusal of coercion, abuse of power of seduction, abuse of power of his social position.
In Da Ponte and Mozart
* Fun: ferocious appetite for life, enjoy every moment lived;
* Selfishness cynical hypocritical, cynical and cold, he manipulates men and women, seduced by the rhetoric to bring down the woman he desires, falsely promised marriage, degrades women;
* Challenge: proud and haughty, Don Juan wants to assert its superiority over everyone and everything, including morality and religion, constant mockery;
* Antisocial: totally opposed to the duties imposed by social life, totally opposed to respect for others and Christian charity;
* Materials: libertine, an atheist, he lives in the moment, rejects any moral or religious grounds, even falling into the flames of hell;
* Power and conflict: physical and verbal abuse, threats, refusal of coercion, abuse of power of seduction, abuse of power of his social position.
The nineteenth century
Romanticism profoundly reshapes the character in accordance with the aspirations of the time, the point of being a seducer ... seduit, love, idealism, even repentant! Don Juan is described as a romantic hero, but also seduced seducer, love drawing and calculation being taken by him, poetic, sordid without cynicism, that the absolute love and devotes his life and it carries with it an image an absolute female whose research becomes a quest disproportionate, melancholic, and without end, the redemption is possible and sometimes present.
* Pleasure: the enjoyment is no longer the goal;
* Cynical selfishness lot less cynical and perverse;
* Challenge: incarnation of the rebellion of the individual solitary face any order and authority;
* Antisocial rejection of love social "norm", rejection of the established social order, morality and religion, in favor of the person;
* Materials: less materialistic, in connection with the absolute beauty and aspiration to the supreme beauty, replacing the absolute absolute divine feminine, thirst for a beauty that only women can provide, absolutization of the love and devotion to him of its existence; redemption becomes possible;
* Power and conflict: the frequent refusal of coercion, rejection limits, access to an almost superhuman grandeur of God, the "superman" of Nietzsche is not far away. (SONY)
Read also Matador
wikipedia
